Sunday, April 24, 2011

Number of the Week: Americans Buy More Stuff They Don’t Need

By Mark Whitehouse

$1.2 trillion: How much Americans spend annually on goods and services they don’t absolutely need.

This Easter weekend, Americans will spend a lot of money on items such as marshmallow peeps, plush bunnies and fake hay, begging a question: How much does the U.S. economy depend on purchases of goods and services people don’t absolutely need?

As it turns out, quite a lot. A non-scientific study of Commerce Department data suggests that in February, U.S. consumers spent an annualized $1.2 trillion on non-essential stuff including pleasure boats, jewelry, booze, gambling and candy. That’s 11.2% of total consumer spending, up from 9.3% a decade earlier and only 4% in 1959, adjusted for inflation. In February, spending on non-essential stuff was up an inflation-adjusted 3.3% from a year earlier, compared to 2.4% for essential stuff such as food, housing and medicine.

To be sure, different people can have different ideas of what should be considered essential. Still, the estimate is probably low. It doesn’t, for example, account for the added cost of certain luxury items such as superfast cars and big houses.

Interestingly, people who spend more on luxuries have experienced less inflation. As of February, the weighted average price of non-essential goods and services was up only 0.2% from a year earlier and 82% from January 1959, according to the Commerce Department. By contrast, the cost of all consumer goods was up 1.6% from a year earlier and 520% from January 1959.

The sheer volume of non-essential spending offers fodder for various conclusions. For one, it could be seen as evidence of the triumph of modern capitalism in raising living standards. We enjoy so much leisure and consume so much extra stuff that even a deep depression wouldn’t – in aggregate — cut into the basics.

Alternately, it could be read as a sign that U.S. economic growth relies too heavily on stimulating demand for stuff people don’t really need, to the detriment of public goods such as health and education. By that logic, a consumption tax – like the value-added taxes common throughout Europe—could go a long way toward restoring balance.

VISUALIZING THE GOLD-SILVER RELATIONSHIP

By Tom McClellan
Scatterplot of gold prices versus silver prices
April 22, 2011

The financial media have been getting really excited about gold and silver lately. Gold has seen postings above $1500 for the first time, and silver is closing in on the $50 mark last seen when the Hunt brothers tried to corner the silver market in 1980.

Silver is a lot more volatile on a daily basis than gold is. Silver seems to attract the hottest of the hot money, and moves around a lot more as a result of that speculative intensity.

This week’s chart shows a comparison of the daily percent changes in gold and silver prices each day since the beginning of 2010. It is helpful in terms of visualizing the relationship between these two metals. Each dot represents one day’s value for the percent change in cash gold and cash silver. If we instead looked at gold and silver futures, it would look slightly different due to the inherent inefficiency in the gold and silver “fix” reporting. And if we had a different period in history under examination, that too would make it look different.

One point which jumps out is that even though there is a great deal of variability, there is an obvious linear relationship that is highlighted by the linear regression line drawn on the chart. For Excel users, it is easy to create a linear regression line like this one. Just create the chart, then select CHART-ADD_TRENDLINE, and choose “Linear” for the regression type. You can also select the options to add the regression line equation and R-squared value for display on the chart.

A couple of points are worth noting about this regression line. The first is that a 1% move in gold produces, on average, a greater than 1% move in silver prices. This is not a surprise; silver is more volatile than gold. So in the language of portfolio analysis, silver has a “beta” that is greater than 1.0 when compared to gold price movements. This means that silver’s daily moves upward and downward are bigger than those seen in gold. This is similar to how a tech stock might move up and down by greater amounts than the SP500 or some other benchmark, whereas a utility company stock might have quieter moves. Beta is the measure of those greater or lesser movements.

Beta shows up in the regression line equation for this set of data as the 1.2731 factor multiplying the X variable. This means that on average, if gold moves 1%, then silver will move 1.2731%.

The other number in that regression line equation is 0.0018, which represents where the regression line crosses the Y axis. In portfolio management jargon, this is “alpha”, which refers to the performance of an asset (silver) relative to the benchmark (gold) on a risk-adjusted basis. In real terms, the meaning of that 0.0018 number is that since Jan. 2010 the price of silver has outperformed gold by 0.18% per day. If we looked at another period, when metals prices were not in a protracted uptrend, the figure for alpha would likely be different, but the beta figure should be similar since silver prices tend to magnify the movements in gold prices.

It should be understood that the normal use of alpha is in terms of grading a portfolio manager’s performance relative to a benchmark like the SP500, after factoring out the market risk. But the same math can be applied to the relationship of silver prices versus the benchmark of gold prices. And doing this regression analysis helps us see more precisely why silver’s price movements seem to be bigger than gold’s on a daily basis.

Related Charts
Oct 14, 2010 Enable Images to see this Chart
Gold Prices Lead The Way For Commodities
Aug 06, 2010 Enable Images to see this Chart
Correlations May Not Be What They Seem
Dec 04, 2009 Enable Images to see this Chart
How Gold Forms Tops

TIME – THE GREAT REVELATOR

By Erik Swarts

Quite serendipitously, I found myself at the ripe age of 21 riding a significantly underpowered motorcycle through the frontier states of the American and Canadian west. I had recently just graduated from college and was embarking on the traditional rite of passage so many restless young graduates make:

Where to now?

My friends drove, in what ironically we referred to at the time as, The Silver Bullet – a 1990 silver Ford Taurus station wagon my friends folks “donated” to the expedition’s cause. I rode my motorcycle – a 1986 Honda Nighthawk that was just barely capable of carrying my large frame some 16,000 miles around the highest elevations of the country. I had a tent, a sleeping bag, my hiking pack and a guitar all strapped to the bike. I also had a softcover copy of Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance tucked into my saddle bags. I was ready and willing to receive all the wisdom the road and Mr. Pirsig could throw my way.
“The main skill is to keep from getting lost. Since the roads are used only by local people who know them by sight nobody complains if the junctions aren’t posted. And often they aren’t. When they are it’s usually a small sign hiding unobtrusively in the weeds and that’s all. County-road-sign makers seldom tell you twice. If you miss that sign in the weeds that’s your problem, not theirs. Moreover, you discover that the highway maps are often inaccurate about county roads. And from time to time you find your “county road” takes you onto a two-rutter and then a single rutter and then into a pasture and stops, or else it takes you into some farmer’s backyard.
So we navigate mostly by dead reckoning, and deduction from what clues we find. I keep a compass in one pocket for overcast days when the sun doesn’t show directions and have the map mounted in a special carrier on top of the gas tank where I can keep track of miles from the last junction and know what to look for. With those tools and a lack of pressure to “get somewhere” it works out fine and we just about have America all to ourselves.”
I remember with great fondness passages such as these as I was lying under the billion star dome, reading by flashlight and following to some extent my own philosophical and literal journey through the Big Sky landscapes that make up the American west. Most people use AAA as their trusted travel guide and map provider. Luckily, I had Robert Pirsig’s penultimate novel on both motorcycle maintenance and the philosophy of quality as my reference manual.
“You see things vacationing on a motorcycle in a way that is completely different from any other. In a car you’re always in a compartment, and because you’re used to it you don’t realize that through that car window everything you see is just more TV. You’re a passive observer and it is all moving by you boringly in a frame.
On a cycle the frame is gone. You’re completely in contact with it all. You’re in the scene, not just watching it anymore, and the sense of presence is overwhelming. That concrete whizzing by five inches below your foot is the real thing, the same stuff you walk on, it’s right there, so blurred you can’t focus on it, yet you can put your foot down and touch it anytime, and the whole thing, the whole experience, is never removed from immediate consciousness.”
Perspective is everything.

You sniff around today and the vast majority of investors, traders, S&P analysts, Republican’s and Democrat’s alike, all see the US through the very pessimistic lens of a diminishing Republic on the cusp of insolvency. Some even go further out on the continuum of curmudgeondry – I suppose at this point in the cycle, fear pays better than logic (media speaking). However, if you want real alpha (the preferable meta-alternative to seeking alpha) go against the conventional wisdom here and realize that the US is not insolvent today and arguably headed towards confronting some of the greater fiscal issues that have haunted us for far too long. The general public’s perspective is always in the rear view mirror of the market. It is why I follow the market and steer clear of the 24 hour, 12 hour, 4 hour news cycle. I am far too impatient to read about yesterday’s news described as if held relevance to today, moreover – tomorrow.
“The United States will always do the right thing—when all other possibilities have been exhausted.” -Winston Churchill
The market knows this. The US dollar knows this. The media will eventually catch up with its tail.
For all the dollar bears that are waiting on pins and needles for the bottom to fall out or for America to enter into a hyper-inflationary tailspin, just turn their attention to the historic chart of the American currency, post the Nixon Shock in 71′.
Where’s the doom and gloom?
 
I see a rather normalized trending currency, reflecting moderate fiat debasement, within a technical framework remarkably similar to late 1980 early 1981.

And low and behold, silver was also very much acting the technical part as it did in 1980.
In 1980, it was the Hunt Brothers cornering the silver market. Today, it’s more or less the sentiment of irrationality that is expressed on places like Zero Hedge and through maverick traders like Eric Sprott.
This is why I have entered a position that is long the US dollar and short silver. It’s not a daytrade, it’s a thesis position (I can just feel traders cringe). Similar to John Paulson’s trade on housing or Buffet’s bet on the dollar – with the caveat that I am expecting a resolution in the market within the short to intermediate time frames. I can only use the previous price history and technical analysis as a reference guide for entering the trade. Realistically speaking, there is a very low probability of picking the absolute top in the silver market. For this reason, I am willing to trade the positions intrinsic value for time.

Time is the great revelator.

I approach a position in ZSL as an option trade on the silver market, without the serious risk of time decay you are exposed to with conventional options. I do realize that even these trading vehicles have their own inherent component of time decay. However, over the time frames I have described – it is the best fit.
For further rationale as to why I have chosen this position, see:

The Fed Must End QE2 on April 27th

By Dian L. Chu

The Federal Reserve has lost all credibility on Wall Street, and most of the American public with the absolute refusal to recognize the dire effects on asset prices that QE2 has created. But the refusal is part of the problem. It reinforces the wide spread belief of investors that the Fed is out of touch with reality, and that they sit in their Ivory Tower implementing an exceedingly loose monetary policy, with the stated goal of inflating asset prices.

The Fed has refused to even acknowledge the possibility (rather than the indisputable facts) that not only have they inflated selected asset prices like S&P 500, the Dow indexes, but they also have inflated asset prices like food, energy, and clothing which would actually hurt the economy and consumers (See Chart).


Needed – Housing and Wage Inflation

Remember, overall inflation is actually being artificially under-reported by the numbers because housing and wages are not inflating. These are the two actual groups of assets that Americans in reality need the Fed to inflate. But Fed’s policies have been unable to help and seem to essentially be hurting the housing sector, as higher everyday living costs with stagnant wages tend to reduce disposable income and resources that could be otherwise allocated to saving towards a down payment to purchase a house, improving the real estate sector of the economy.

Inflation Exported Would Come Back To Haunt

Furthermore, since most of these asset prices are priced in dollar, the fed has exported dire and extreme inflationary pressures on an already precariously balanced inflationary picture in the emerging market economies from China to India.

It is the proverbial throwing of jet fuel on a barbeque for most of the economies. Yes, Bernanke is right that these countries had inflationary problems before based upon their undervaluing currencies. Nevertheless, this is how their economies have been set up in the global trade role that has been 30 years in the making.

These countries just couldn`t revalue their currencies near enough to still keep their role as exporting, cheap labor manufacturers, without sending the entire region into a 10-year depression which would bring the entire world into a depression not seen since the Great Depression.

Unmanageable Inflation Elsewhere

Given the fact that these manufacturing exporting countries cannot meaningfully revalue their currencies, they are basically stuck with an endemic higher level of inflation compared with the developed economies, but it is still manageable. Now, with the US`s persistently loose monetary policies exacerbated by QE2, raising input costs for commodities used in abundance by these manufacturing, cheap labor economies like Oil, Copper, Cotton, and Iron Ore (See Chart), these policies are exporting additional inflationary pressures to these developing economies.


This results in making what would be a manageable level of inflation in China of around 3.5 to 4% an unmanageable level of inflation at 5.5 to 6%, and maybe even higher as the full effects of the inflation of commodity asset prices have not yet fully been incorporated and manifested in the Chinese manufacturing economy.

Long Live the Inflation Trade

The other area where Ben Bernanke`s stubbornness of acknowledging the effects of QE2 on food and energy prices, i.e., the rise in prices is due strictly to demand reasons, Middle East tensions, and product shortages and in no part to a loose monetary policy which encourages traders to make the following trade:
  1. Loose monetary policy is dollar negative (printing money, currency devaluation, etc).
  2. Commodities like Oil, Gold, Silver, Wheat, Corn, Cotton, Copper are Dollar negative Hedges
  3. Therefore, put on the following trade: Short the dollar, and go long commodities.
This is the famous inflation trade is has been going on and off for the past 10 years by fund managers around the world. This trade has been in the investing 101 handbook for 50 plus years. And the fact that Ben Bernanke never admits to knowing about these trade dynamics in the marketplace, and how his policy initiate of QE2 actually encourages, facilitates and even mandates that fund managers around the world put on this very trade is beyond a rational explanation.

Inflationary Effects Are Transitory?

In addition, it is even more incredulous of Bernanke and his failure to acknowledge any role whatsoever for the feds function in these higher commodity prices when their stated goal is to in fact inflate asset prices. Whenever he is interviewed about this very question he always uses the standard response that inflationary pressures are not due to the recent Fed policy of QE2.

I guess these are assets that the Federal Reserve has expressly forbidden traders to inflate. However, Bernanke also adds that these inflationary effects are transitory in nature--he has been saying “transitory” for over 6 months now. How long does it take for ‘transitory” to become “stuck in the economy, and cannot get rid of without a massive rate hike sledgehammer”?

Fed Out of Touch with Reality

It is starting to sound like a broken record, and it is completely divorced from the facts in the marketplace, or the facts on the ground for those not in the Ivory Tower. It is this main street denial that has reinforced the notion that Bernanke and his dovish colleagues with their incessant soft selling of inflation in their comments regarding inflation questions every week that they are out of touch with reality.

This “fed out of touch with reality” notion only goes to reinforce the very “Inflation /Currency Devaluation Trade” causing traders to pile even more capital into shorting the US Dollar and going long Commodities because it is only going to get worse down the line. This is what is referred to as inflation expectations.

Dovish Fed Undermines The Dollar

The fed policies regarding QE2 are not near as damaging for the US Dollar as traders perceptions of the Fed policy of QE2, and judging by the rise in Silver alone will tell you, traders perceptions of QE2 is extremely negative. And that old adage perception is reality takes hold and traders do far more damage to the US Dollar than any actual currency devaluation due to QE2 by going heavily short the currency. Traders and their perceptions right now are what is really hurting the US Dollar and Bernanke has failed to realize this fact.

Another interesting question for Bernanke and his Dovish colleagues, and it appears that even the more hawkish members of the Fed are still to dovish in their market comments regarding inflation. Probably because they all are in the upper income bracket on a percentage basis compared with the average US consumer, and are largely immune to the ridiculous six month rise in food and energy prices felt by the average American citizen.

The Fed can change all that on the 27th of April with either a cutting short of QE2, or an equally hawkish wording of the fed statement with a nod towards tightening sooner than previously indicated in past policy statement wording.

Everyone Worries Except the Fed

The Fed might ask themselves the following question:
  • How come at every Speech where there is a question and answer session that you are asked about inflation?
  • Or how come every reporter when interviewing a fed member asks them about their role in causing inflation around the world and how this is contributing to political and social instability in emerging economies?
  • Is this just by coincidence, all these reporters and questions revolving around inflation effects? The answer is that these questions are being asked for a reason, and that alone is a problem for the fed.
Another question for Bernanke is how come every other country is worried about inflation, including developed economy neighbor Europe, while the US doesn`t have an inflation problem? It seems the US is the only country in the entire world where inflation isn`t a problem? Does this seem logical? And if it is in fact the case, how long do you think it will stay this way, where the entire globe is experiencing inflation pressures but the US has a “transitory” inflation problem?

When Transitory Turns Self-Fulfilling

The problem for the Fed is that this goes beyond current inflationary effects in the economy, but future expectations of inflation in the economy. And none of these are transitory in nature once they get embedded in the psyche of investors and consumers. The only way they were doused in 2008 when they were at these exact levels was a near historic crash in the financial and housing markets.

Absent of some similarly extreme deflationary event, inflation and expectations of inflation are only going to feed on themselves and become even more firmly entrenched in the economy, negatively reinforcing investors and consumer’s asset allocation and spending habits.

This all becomes self fulfilling in nature, and the real nasty part about inflation is if you don`t head it off early, once it gets even a little momentum, it becomes much more difficult to control and manage. This is where the fed is right now; they are at the cusp of losing control of their handle on inflation with their incredibly dovish stance towards inflation.

End the Denial or Lose on Inflation

Bernanke and the current Federal Reserve Board have a credibility problem both with Wall Street traders and the American population. The sooner Ben Bernanke acknowledges his role in causing inflation, the better off we will be in fighting the battle of inflation. The longer the denial routine of “transitory’ responses continues, the increased chance that Bernanke loses what shred of remaining credibility he has on the inflation issue.

Then, the inflation battle is essentially lost without equally devastating policy responses that are almost similarly as bad as the inflation effects, i.e., you have to send the economy into a recession with an abundance of tightening measures that completely destroys growth to get a handle on prices.

Needed - Hawkish & Cut Short of QE2

Again, the Fed and Bernanke can change all this on the 27th of April, failure to do so basically dooms Bernanke`s legacy to be remembered by the initial moniker put on him when he initially was chosen as Alan Greenspan`s successor, when he was commonly referred to as “Helicopter Ben”!

During his first six months on the job as Fed chairman, he did everything possible to dispel such a label, but he has more than made up for that period during the last six months regarding his outright refusal to acknowledge the exceedingly negative side effects revolving around out of control food and energy prices related to his QE2 Initiative.

The average American citizen cannot withstand another two months of “Asset Inflating” on behalf of the Fed, enough is enough, time to cut the QE2 policy initiative short.

Saturday, April 23, 2011

Gold, What to Watch out for in Early May


We have written before that institutional investors are going to wake up one day and realize that they need to buy gold for their portfolios. Well, that's beginning to happen. 

This week the Texas teachers’ pension fund, one of the largest college endowments, announced that it has placed 5% of its assets in gold bullion, nearly $1 billion's worth, in excess of 650,000 ounces at today’s prices. It is interesting to note that the fund chose to take physical possession of the bullion rather than buy it through a gold ETF. 


There they sit, all 6,643 gold bars, in an undisclosed location underground in New York City. The chief investment officer for the fund told CNBC that they began acquiring gold in September of '09 at about $950 dollars an ounce and that their average price is about $1,150. He said that rather than continuously rolling futures contracts, it became easier and more economical to take possession of the bullion.

The standard asset allocation recommendations routinely call for a 5-10% allocation to gold (which we find too low). Yet, despite gold’s rise it still represents less than 1% of the global market cap of all assets. Without a doubt, investors will be watching closely to see if this move triggers similar reallocations among other large pension funds. Some big time heavyweight investors are already deep into gold territory, as we have reported before. 

Some of the big-name investors who were smart enough to profit by betting against mortgage-backed securities have invested their profits in gold. In the fourth-quarter of 2010, legendary investor George Soros added 24,800 shares of the GLD making him the seventh largest holder behind John Paulson who owns 31.5 million shares. Large investment banks are also loading up on gold.

Gold and especially silver certainly shone this week – the latter even moved relative close to its 1980 high! Consequently, it will be particularly interesting to see what they do next. Since we live in a globalized world, it is often the case that markets influence each other. In this essay we’re going to focus on currencies and how two of them can affect the precious metals market. We will start with the long-term chart (charts courtesy by http://stockcharts.com.)


In the long-term USD Index chart this week, we see a continuation of the decline which began in early January. Index levels are now close to the level of the 2009 lows, and this support line is currently being tested.

A slight move below the support line has been seen, but the breakdown is not yet in. RSI levels are currently close to 30 and indicate that perhaps the local bottom will be seen very soon. This has been the case many times in the past when RSI levels were so low.


Looking at the short-term USD Index chart, we see that index levels are still within the declining trend channel. The lower border was recently touched and the index moved back up slightly. It does not appear that a rally is imminent as the next cyclical turning point appears to be likely in early May. Until that time, more weakness or sideways movement is more probable as opposed to seeing any serious rally begin right away.

At this time, it’s too early to comment on the likely strength of the next rally in the USD Index. However, given the decline which has been in place since January with no significant contra-trend moves, it is possible that the rally could be significant. This of course, would be quite negative for the precious metals sector in general.


In the very long-term Euro Index chart this week, we can see that index levels have broken through the declining, long-term resistance line. This is a very positive factor and, taking this chart alone, we would expect the rally to continue.

Of course, the situation for the dollar will likely impact what happens with the euro to a great extent. A turnaround is expected in the USD Index but is not likely to be seen immediately. So the rally here in the Euro Index could continue and possibly turnaround in a few days or even a week from now. Of course, this is somewhat a speculation on our part but the charts are suggesting this possibility. In addition, RSI levels are about to flash an overbought signal as they are very close to the 70-level.

What does all of this have to do with gold? Quite a lot, as gold has been recently moving in tune with euro. Please take a look below for details.


In the short-term Euro Index chart, we see that the breakout has been verified and index levels have moved above the level of the November 2010 high. Since mid-February, tops in the Euro Index have corresponded to local tops for gold.

An early May turnaround could be seen here as well, as the cyclical turning points mentioned when analyzing the USD Index, are present also here. It seems that the next turnaround (likely a top) will be seen at the beginning of May. Such a development could have an important impact on the precious metals sector. As far as price targets are concerned, we will leave details to our Subscribers – in short, it might be a good idea to closely monitor the situation on the silver market.

Summing up, the decline in the dollar has continued but is likely to turn around within the next week or two. The rising Euro Index is also likely to see a downturn at that time. Taken together, these currency market events will probably have a negative impact on gold, silver and gold and silver mining stocks, but not necessarily right away.

Silver Crash 2006 vs Silver Today, Does it look Familiar?

By: Submissions

Willem Weytjens writes: First of all, here is an update of a chart I posted 3 weeks ago…



Chart created with Prorealtime

Second of all, here is a chart of the gold-to-silver ratio:


Chart courtesy stockcharts.com 

Now let’s have a look at Silver in 2006, when it also made a parabolic move:


Chart courtesy stockcharts.com

Here is the current situation:



Chart courtesy stockcharts.com

Although silver is not as stretched above its 50 days Moving Average as in 2006, it is as stretched above its 200 DMA as in 2006.

Also, the RSI is very high, but not as high as in 2006, so we MIGHT see 1 or 2 more days to the upside, but then we might get a Deja Vu of 2006.

For those of you who want to know what happened on April 20th 2006, here is a chart:


Chart courtesy stockcharts.com

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